Results for 'Kevin T. Wynne'

954 found
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  1.  75
    Trusting Robocop: Gender-Based Effects on Trust of an Autonomous Robot.Darci Gallimore, Joseph B. Lyons, Thy Vo, Sean Mahoney & Kevin T. Wynne - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  2.  94
    Formal Learning Theory and the Philosophy of Science.Kevin T. Kelly - 1988 - PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1988:413 - 423.
    Formal learning theory is an approach to the study of inductive inference that has been developed by computer scientists. In this paper, I discuss the relevance of formal learning theory to such standard topics in the philosophy of science as underdetermination, realism, scientific progress, methodology, bounded rationality, the problem of induction, the logic of discovery, the theory of knowledge, the philosophy of artificial intelligence, and the philosophy of psychology.
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  3.  47
    General Characteristics of Inductive Inference Over Arbitrary Sets of Data Representations.Kevin T. Kelly - unknown
    Kevin T. Kelly. General Characteristics of Inductive Inference Over Arbitrary Sets of Data Representations.
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  4.  35
    Version Spaces, Structural Descriptions and NP-Completeness.Kevin T. Kelly - unknown
    Kevin T. Kelly. Version Spaces, Structural Descriptions and NP-Completeness.
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  5.  46
    Global distributive justice and the corporate duty to aid.Kevin T. Jackson - 1993 - Journal of Business Ethics 12 (7):547 - 551.
    This article challenges an argument from Tom Donaldson''s recent bookThe Ethics of International Business with a claim that distributive justice, deemed in many circles to impose a duty of mutual aid on individuals and nations, establishes a basis for holding multinational corporations to such a duty as well. The root idea I advocate is that Rawls'' theory of justice can be deployed — beyond its original intent yet in line with its spirit — to underwrite aprima facie obligation of international (...)
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  6.  17
    Building Reputational Capital: Strategies for Integrity and Fair Play That Improve the Bottom Line.Kevin T. Jackson - 2004 - Oup Usa.
    In the aftermath of scandals such as those at Enron and WorldCom, there is a growing suspicion of the corporate world. For this reason it is more important than ever for firms to maintain a good reputation. In Building Reputational Capital, Kevin T. Jackson offers a practical guide to taking the high road--the only path that leads to lasting success. Based on extensive research and real-world experience, Building Reputational Capital reveals basic principles of integrity and fairness with which firms (...)
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  7.  45
    How Simplicity Helps You Find the Truth Without Pointing at it.Kevin T. Kelly - unknown
  8.  44
    Auditory grouping mechanisms reflect a sound's relative position in a sequence.Kevin T. Hill, Christopher W. Bishop & Lee M. Miller - 2012 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 6.
  9. The Logic of Reliable Inquiry.Kevin T. Kelly - 1996 - Oxford, England: Oxford University Press USA. Edited by Kevin Kelly.
    This book is devoted to a different proposal--that the logical structure of the scientist's method should guarantee eventual arrival at the truth given the scientist's background assumptions.
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  10.  11
    From a Parish Base: Essays in Moral and Pastoral Theology.Kevin T. Kelly - 1999
    Written by a Roman Catholic theologian, these essays cover how pastoral ministry should be done in today's society, including how to handle church law and build a collaborative church as well as specific issues such as euthanasia and embryo research.
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  11.  43
    Human Cloning: Analysis and Evaluation.Kevin T. Fitzgerald - 1998 - Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 7 (2):218-222.
    The journal NatureGenetics recently reported a statement made by Dr. Brigitte Boisselier declaring the rights of parents to clone themselves. Dr. Boisselier is the scientific director of ClonaidBeam me up, Scotty!”? How do we begin to respond to this offer and Dr. Boisselier's claim for its ethical justification?
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  12.  25
    Theory Discovery and Hypothesis Language.Kevin T. Kelly - unknown
    This paper develops a framework in which to compare the discovery problems determined by a wide range of distinct hypothesis languages. Twelve theorems are presented which provide a comprehensive picture of the solvability of these problems according to four intuitively motivated criteria of scientific success.
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  13.  40
    Serendipity and Social Justice: How Someone with a Physical Disability Succeeds in Clinical Bioethics.Kevin T. Mintz - forthcoming - Narrative Inquiry in Bioethics.
    Trainees with disabilities in health-related professions are often subjected to structural ableism in medicine: the discriminatory manifestation of lowered expectations towards people with disabilities by medical professionals. In this case study, I reflect on my experiences as the first individual with significant disabilities to be offered a postdoctoral fellowship in clinical bioethics at the National Institutes of Health. I focus on the following question: What arrangements need to be in place in order for someone with my level of disability to (...)
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  14.  73
    Reichenbach, induction, and discovery.Kevin T. Kelly - 1991 - Erkenntnis 35 (1-3):123 - 149.
    I have applied a fairly general, learning theoretic perspective to some questions raised by Reichenbach's positions on induction and discovery. This is appropriate in an examination of the significance of Reichenbach's work, since the learning-theoretic perspective is to some degree part of Reichenbach's reliabilist legacy. I have argued that Reichenbach's positivism and his infatuation with probabilities are both irrelevant to his views on induction, which are principally grounded in the notion of limiting reliability. I have suggested that limiting reliability is (...)
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  15. Sovereignty and Citizenship.Kevin T. Jackson - 1998 - Rechtstheorie 18:33-71.
     
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  16.  10
    50 years receiving Vatican II: a personal odyssey.Kevin T. Kelly - 2012 - Blackrock, Co. Dublin: Columba Press.
    A priest's fifty years of stuggle to be faithful to the spirit of Vatican II, reminding us that the task of receiving Vatican II is far from complete.
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  17. Simplicity, Truth, and Probability.Kevin T. Kelly - unknown
    Simplicity has long been recognized as an apparent mark of truth in science, but it is difficult to explain why simplicity should be accorded such weight. This chapter examines some standard, statistical explanations of the role of simplicity in scientific method and argues that none of them explains, without circularity, how a reliance on simplicity could be conducive to finding true models or theories. The discussion then turns to a less familiar approach that does explain, in a sense, the elusive (...)
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  18.  79
    A Further Tribute to Paul McGuire.Kevin T. Kelly - 1979 - The Chesterton Review 5 (2):323-323.
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  19.  41
    Interpreting the Virtues of Mindfulness and Compassion: Contemplative Practices and Virtue-Oriented Business Ethics.Kevin T. Jackson - 2018 - Humanistic Management Journal 3 (1):47-69.
    The article aims to provide a standpoint from which to critically address two broad concerns. The first concern surrounds a naïve view of mindfulness, which takes it as a given that it is a good thing to cultivate mindfulness and attendant qualities like compassion because these virtues are key to improving the quality of life and bettering effective decisionmaking within business. Yet the virtue of mindfulness has roots in religious and spiritual traditions, and the virtue of compassion is complex and (...)
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  20.  54
    Spirituality as a foundation for freedom and creative imagination in international business ethics.Kevin T. Jackson - 1999 - Journal of Business Ethics 19 (1):61 - 70.
    Spirituality, in the broad sense, provides a deeper foundation for principles of international business ethics than legalistic, command-based ethics programs. Spiritual-based principles and values are presupposed and endorsed by established legal and ethical principles for international business. Identifying such spiritual-based principles and values requires the exercise of moral imagination and an openness to values embraced by the world's religions. Once identified, a new realm of moral freedom is attained for multinational corporations which may help them move beyond an "ethics for (...)
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  21.  63
    Global rights and regional jurisprudence.Kevin T. Jackson - 1993 - Law and Philosophy 12 (2):157 - 192.
    This article asks whether a “law-as-integrity” approach to human rights adjudication provides a theoretical framework within which to make sense of authoritative regional interpretations of basic human rights for the global community. To focus analysis, I consider U.S. court interpretations of international human rights as an interpretive context. I argue that, with appropriate modification so as to include the world community as a “community of principle” for purposes of human rights adjudication, the law-as-integrity perspective permits disputes surrounding the legality of (...)
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  22. Ockham Efficiency Theorem for Stochastic Empirical Methods.Kevin T. Kelly & Conor Mayo-Wilson - 2010 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 39 (6):679-712.
    Ockham’s razor is the principle that, all other things being equal, scientists ought to prefer simpler theories. In recent years, philosophers have argued that simpler theories make better predictions, possess theoretical virtues like explanatory power, and have other pragmatic virtues like computational tractability. However, such arguments fail to explain how and why a preference for simplicity can help one find true theories in scientific inquiry, unless one already assumes that the truth is simple. One new solution to that problem is (...)
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  23.  46
    A cosmopolitan court for transnational corporate wrongdoing: Why its time has come.Kevin T. Jackson - 1998 - Journal of Business Ethics 17 (7):757-783.
    In the absence of any institution for imposing legal liability on global business, the idea of instituting a cosmopolitan court for international corporate offenses is advocated. The proposal is then critically examined and defended in light of a number of key objections. Having both civil and criminal jurisdiction, such a tribunal could benefit domestic and international legal systems, multinational corporations, and victims of transnational and international corporate misdeeds. By laying down minimal global standards of corporate liability, resolving conflicts between the (...)
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  24.  84
    Reliability, Realism, and Relativism.Kevin T. Kelly, Cory Juhl & Clark Glymour - unknown
    Kevin T. Kelly, Cory Juhl and Clark Glymour. Reliability, Realism, and Relativism.
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  25. Knowledge Without Wisdom: Human Genetic Engineering Without Religious Insight.Kevin T. Fitzgerald - 2002 - Christian Bioethics 8 (2):147-162.
    Kevin T. Fitzgerald, S.J.; Knowledge Without Wisdom: Human Genetic Engineering Without Religious Insight, Christian bioethics: Non-Ecumenical Studies in Medical.
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  26. Realism, rhetoric, and reliability.Kevin T. Kelly, Konstantin Genin & Hanti Lin - 2016 - Synthese 193 (4):1191-1223.
    Ockham’s razor is the characteristic scientific penchant for simpler, more testable, and more unified theories. Glymour’s early work on confirmation theory eloquently stressed the rhetorical plausibility of Ockham’s razor in scientific arguments. His subsequent, seminal research on causal discovery still concerns methods with a strong bias toward simpler causal models, and it also comes with a story about reliability—the methods are guaranteed to converge to true causal structure in the limit. However, there is a familiar gap between convergent reliability and (...)
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  27.  36
    Clarity, generality, and efficiency in models of learning: Wringing the MOP.Kevin T. Kelly - 1986 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 9 (4):657-658.
  28. The Automated Discovery of Universal Theories.Kevin T. Kelly - 1986 - Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh
    This thesis examines the prospects for mechanical procedures that can identify true, complete, universal, first-order logical theories on the basis of a complete enumeration of true atomic sentences. A sense of identification is defined that is more general than those which are usually studied in the learning theoretic and inductive inference literature. Some identification algorithms based on confirmation relations familiar in the philosophy of science are presented. Each of these algorithms is shown to identify all purely universal theories without function (...)
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  29.  95
    Towards Authenticity: A Sartrean Perspective on Business Ethics.Kevin T. Jackson - 2005 - Journal of Business Ethics 58 (4):307-325.
    Taking a Sartrean existentialist viewpoint towards business ethics, in particular, concerning the question of the nature of businesspersons’ moral character, provides for a dramatically distinct set of reflections from those afforded by the received view on character, namely that of Aristotelian-based virtue ethics. Insofar as Sartre’s philosophy places human freedom at center stage, I argue that the authenticity with which a businessperson approaches moral situations depends on the degree of consciousness he or she has of the various choices at stake. (...)
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  30. Inductive inference from theory Laden data.Kevin T. Kelly & Clark Glymour - 1992 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 21 (4):391 - 444.
    Kevin T. Kelly and Clark Glymour. Inductive Inference from Theory-Laden Data.
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  31.  11
    Nothing about Us without Us in Precision Medicine: A Call to Reframe Disability Difference in Genetics and Genomics.Kevin T. Mintz, Joseph A. Stramondo & Holly K. Tabor - 2024 - Hastings Center Report 54 (S2):41-48.
    Sixty‐one million Americans and approximately a billion people worldwide live with some form of disability that limits one or more major life activities. The field of precision medicine continues to grapple with how to best serve disability communities. In this paper, we suggest that precision medicine faces an ethical tension between its goal to treat or cure disabling conditions and views that consider disability as a marginalized identity. We appeal to the concepts of recognition justice and distributive justice to argue (...)
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  32. A new solution to the puzzle of simplicity.Kevin T. Kelly - 2007 - Philosophy of Science 74 (5):561-573.
    Explaining the connection, if any, between simplicity and truth is among the deepest problems facing the philosophy of science, statistics, and machine learning. Say that an efficient truth finding method minimizes worst case costs en route to converging to the true answer to a theory choice problem. Let the costs considered include the number of times a false answer is selected, the number of times opinion is reversed, and the times at which the reversals occur. It is demonstrated that (1) (...)
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  33. Learning theory and the philosophy of science.Kevin T. Kelly, Oliver Schulte & Cory Juhl - 1997 - Philosophy of Science 64 (2):245-267.
    This paper places formal learning theory in a broader philosophical context and provides a glimpse of what the philosophy of induction looks like from a learning-theoretic point of view. Formal learning theory is compared with other standard approaches to the philosophy of induction. Thereafter, we present some results and examples indicating its unique character and philosophical interest, with special attention to its unified perspective on inductive uncertainty and uncomputability.
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  34. Justification as truth-finding efficiency: How ockham's razor works.Kevin T. Kelly - 2004 - Minds and Machines 14 (4):485-505.
    I propose that empirical procedures, like computational procedures, are justified in terms of truth-finding efficiency. I contrast the idea with more standard philosophies of science and illustrate it by deriving Ockham's razor from the aim of minimizing dramatic changes of opinion en route to the truth.
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  35.  24
    Questioning Shareholder Welfare Maximization: A Virtue Theoretic Perspective.Kevin T. Jackson - 2023 - Humanistic Management Journal 8 (3):255-286.
    The paper introduces a virtue-theoretic critique of recent “prosocial” revisions of shareholder primacy. The paper aims at widening the scope of virtue-based business ethics beyond its nearly exclusive focus on the character and virtue of managers, employees, and organizations. In contrast to MacIntyre-inspired research, the paper takes a “good intentions” approach that looks squarely at shareholders, regarding them as real people (not algorithms or institutions) occupying distinctive roles as principals of firms who are, ideally, virtuous moral agents. It is argued (...)
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  36. Iterated belief revision, reliability, and inductive amnesia.Kevin T. Kelly - 1999 - Erkenntnis 50 (1):11-58.
    Belief revision theory concerns methods for reformulating an agent's epistemic state when the agent's beliefs are refuted by new information. The usual guiding principle in the design of such methods is to preserve as much of the agent's epistemic state as possible when the state is revised. Learning theoretic research focuses, instead, on a learning method's reliability or ability to converge to true, informative beliefs over a wide range of possible environments. This paper bridges the two perspectives by assessing the (...)
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  37.  45
    Reliable Belief Revision.Kevin T. Kelly, Oliver Schulte & Vincent Hendricks - unknown
    Philosophical logicians proposing theories of rational belief revision have had little to say about whether their proposals assist or impede the agent's ability to reliably arrive at the truth as his beliefs change through time. On the other hand, reliability is the central concern of formal learning theory. In this paper we investigate the belief revision theory of Alchourron, Gardenfors and Makinson from a learning theoretic point of view.
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  38.  23
    (1 other version)Getting to the Truth through Conceptual Revolutions.Kevin T. Kelly & Clark Glymour - 1990 - PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1990:89 - 96.
    There is a popular view that the alleged meaning shifts resulting from scientific revolutions are somehow incompatible with the formulation of general norms for scientific inquiry. We construct methods that can be shown to be maximally reliable at getting to the truth when the truth changes in response to the state of the scientist or his society.
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  39. The Predication Thesis and a New Problem about Persistent Fundamental Legal Controversies.T. O. H. Kevin - 2010 - Utilitas 22 (3):331-350.
    According to a widely held view, people's commitments to laws are dependent on the existence in their community of a conventional practice of complying with certain fundamental laws. This conventionalism has significantly hampered our attempts to explain the normative practice of law. Ronald Dworkin has argued against conventionalism by bringing up the phenomenon of persistent fundamental legal controversies, but neither Dworkin nor his legal positivist respondents have correctly understood the real significance of such controversies. This article argues that such controversies (...)
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  40. The computable testability of theories making uncomputable predictions.Kevin T. Kelly & Oliver Schulte - 1995 - Erkenntnis 43 (1):29 - 66.
  41. Why Bayesian Confirmation Does Not Capture the Logic of Scientific Justification.Kevin T. Kelly & Clark Glymour - unknown
    Kevin T. Kelly and Clark Glymour. Why Bayesian Confirmation Does Not Capture the Logic of Scientific Justification.
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  42. Convergence to the truth and nothing but the truth.Kevin T. Kelly & Clark Glymour - 1989 - Philosophy of Science 56 (2):185-220.
    One construal of convergent realism is that for each clear question, scientific inquiry eventually answers it. In this paper we adapt the techniques of formal learning theory to determine in a precise manner the circumstances under which this ideal is achievable. In particular, we define two criteria of convergence to the truth on the basis of evidence. The first, which we call EA convergence, demands that the theorist converge to the complete truth "all at once". The second, which we call (...)
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  43.  35
    Economy of Mutuality: Merging Financial and Social Sustainability.Kevin T. Jackson - 2016 - Journal of Business Ethics 133 (3):499-517.
    The article posits the concept of economy of mutuality as an intellectual mediation space for shifts in emphasis between market and social structures within economic theory and practice. Economy of mutuality, it is contended, provides an alternative frame of reference to the dichotomy of market economy and social economy, for inquiry about what business is for and what values it presupposes and creates. The article centers around the objective of gaining a broadened understanding of business so as to include not (...)
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  44.  42
    Book Review: Living Together and Christian Ethics. [REVIEW]Kevin T. Kelly - 2003 - Studies in Christian Ethics 16 (2):119-123.
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  45. The logic of discovery.Kevin T. Kelly - 1987 - Philosophy of Science 54 (3):435-452.
    There is renewed interest in the logic of discovery as well as in the position that there is no reason for philosophers to bother with it. This essay shows that the traditional, philosophical arguments for the latter position are bankrupt. Moreover, no interesting defense of the philosophical irrelevance or impossibility of the logic of discovery can be formulated or defended in isolation from computation-theoretic considerations.
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  46.  64
    Theory discovery from data with mixed quantifiers.Kevin T. Kelly & Clark Glymour - 1990 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 19 (1):1 - 33.
    Convergent realists desire scientific methods that converge reliably to informative, true theories over a wide range of theoretical possibilities. Much attention has been paid to the problem of induction from quantifier-free data. In this paper, we employ the techniques of formal learning theory and model theory to explore the reliable inference of theories from data containing alternating quantifiers. We obtain a hierarchy of inductive problems depending on the quantifier prefix complexity of the formulas that constitute the data, and we provide (...)
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  47. Prevalence of Potentially Morally Injurious Events in Operationally Deployed Canadian Armed Forces Members.Kevin T. Hansen, Charles G. Nelson & Ken Kirkwood - 2021 - Journal of Traumatic Stress 34:764-772.
    As moral injury is a still-emerging concept within the area of military mental health, prevalence estimates for moral injury and its precursor, potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs), remain unknown for many of the world’s militaries. The present study sought to estimate the prevalence of PMIEs in the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF), using data collected from CAF personnel deployed to Afghanistan, via logistic regressions controlling for relevant sociodemographic, military, and deployment characteristics. Analyses revealed that over 65% of CAF members reported exposure (...)
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  48.  47
    The polycentric character of business ethics decisionmaking in international contexts.Kevin T. Jackson - 2000 - Journal of Business Ethics 23 (1):123 - 143.
    Many ethical issues facing managers of multinational corporations are polycentric problems. That is, they involve a number of distinct centers -- each of which define rights and obligations of a multiplicity of affected parties -- and resolving matters around one center typically creates unpredictable repercussions around one or more of the other centers. Polycentricity is a normative phenomenon especially unsuited for adjudication, often requiring recourse to alternative processes of contract (or reciprocal adjustment) and managerial direction. This study explores how such (...)
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  49.  47
    Causal Conclusions that Flip Repeatedly and Their Justification.Kevin T. Kelly & Conor Mayo-Wilson - 2010 - Proceedings of the Twenty Sixth Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence 26:277-286.
    Over the past two decades, several consistent procedures have been designed to infer causal conclusions from observational data. We prove that if the true causal network might be an arbitrary, linear Gaussian network or a discrete Bayes network, then every unambiguous causal conclusion produced by a consistent method from non-experimental data is subject to reversal as the sample size increases any finite number of times. That result, called the causal flipping theorem, extends prior results to the effect that causal discovery (...)
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  50. A Computational Learning Semantics for Inductive Empirical Knowledge.Kevin T. Kelly - 2014 - In Alexandru Baltag & Sonja Smets, Johan van Benthem on Logic and Information Dynamics. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. pp. 289-337.
    This chapter presents a new semantics for inductive empirical knowledge. The epistemic agent is represented concretely as a learner who processes new inputs through time and who forms new beliefs from those inputs by means of a concrete, computable learning program. The agent’s belief state is represented hyper-intensionally as a set of time-indexed sentences. Knowledge is interpreted as avoidance of error in the limit and as having converged to true belief from the present time onward. Familiar topics are re-examined within (...)
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